With me, in the end, it had absolutely nothing to do with jetpack.
The solution to that problem, at least for me, was simply that the MySQL-Database was full to the point of overflowing.
A simple deleting of the amassed statistics that various tools collected over the past 6 years (and clogging the database) solved the problem just nicely.
Same issue here.
Deleted Jetpack completely, reinstalled completely new – same as before (error message see above).
Anny suggestions?