Thanks for pointing me back to the logs. In the apache error.log I found this message.
dap_int_sasl_init: SASL library version mismatch: expected 2.1.27, got 2.1.25
ldap_int_sasl_init: SASL library version mismatch: expected 2.1.27, got 2.1.25
[Fri Jun 26 16:25:15.534894 2020] [php7:warn] [pid 2076:tid 1748] [client xx.xx.xx.xxxxxxx] PHP Warning: ldap_connect(): Could not create session handle: Local error in C:\\xampp\\apps\\directory\\htdocs\\wp-content\\plugins\\next-active-directory-integration\\vendor\\adLDAP\\adLDAP.php on line 452, referer:
After some searching I replaced the apache libsasl.dll with the new version from the php folder. Afterwards I could log into the site again. This is using PHP 7.3.19.
I tried to upgrade to PHP 7.4 but received this error. vcruntime140.dll 14.0 not compatible with PHP build. I’m leaving it at 7.3.17 for now.