Thanks, Tara.
It turns out my WordPress site had reached the maximum of a very small disk space quota allotted to MySQL by my service provider. After they increased my disk space I was able to upgrade WordPress and perform all other actions.
Thanks, Tara.
I appear to be in a bad situation. Clicking “check again” on my updates page does not advance the available updates. My updates page in admin reads:
You have the latest version of WordPress. Future security updates will be applied automatically.
Plugins
Your plugins are all up to date.
Themes
Your themes are all up to date.
…had to brush up on my CSS, but figured it out.