Hi, I think I might be having a similar issue, with the same timing.
My article was posted, and the pubDate shows this, but lastBuildDate has a timestamp of the day before – could this be messing with how Mailchimp and RSS feeds work?
In addition: when I preview the email that should have sent (today in fact), it’s the correct email with the correct article. Why would the preview be correct, but the email not send?
I did have major issues last week with changing over my theme and caching, could this somehow contribute?