ALL of WordPress files go inside whatever your web accessable directory is.
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public_html (not public html) is a term used on this form, in a very general manner.
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If you look at an httpd.conf (Apache webserver’s main configuration file) you will see that public_html is where Apache, by defualt, looks for web content, IF you are using user home directories.
Thats the long answer
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The short answer to your question is that if you do not know where to upload WordPress to put it within your own web accessible space, you need to speak to your host.
The directory could be named public_html, it could be named web, it could be named anything.
Once you figure that out, ALL of the wordpress files need to be inside it.
And once you figure that out, you may also notice people on the forum referring to your root install or your site root. They can be two different things depending on whether you indeed have WP installed at the root level of your public space or inside its own directory. 🙂