product attributes

I want to utilize Product Attributes field to catalog my products. I have the same product but with different patterns/colors. I find zero documentation as how to use the field. When I click on new attribute it allows me to add: Name, Slug, Order by, Terms. So I create pattern1, pattern2, …etc. Then it says choose filter attributes in the shop sidebar using the “layered nav”. 1) I cannot find “Layered Nav” option. 2) when I add filter by attribute widget to Shop Sidebar nothing happens, ie, when I go to shop page there is not “side bar” for choosing different attribute options.
1) please provide step-by-step instructions for adding attributes. 2) besides names or terms such as blue or zigzag I want to attach images to different attribute names, how do I do that?
Please read my questions carefully and provide meaningful anwers. Often I receive vague feedback from non-English-speaking support technicians.

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