Advanced Form Processing

I need some recommendations.

Currently in my WordPress site I have a PHP page set up as a page template.

The function of the page is to allow users to drill down and retrieve specifc data sets. The functionality works great. The user can select items and make form submits that are posted only on that page.

My issue is:
I would like to have links that are on other pages in my site that links back to this page with variables I could pass in. This way, instead of the users always having to drill down into the data when the go to the home page – they could actually select a link (pre-made) and it would pass in the critera for me.

This make any sense?

Thanks!