pashlikson

I think I figured it out.
For anyone running into the same problem: until around 2021, most WordPress themes ran on php template files (header.php, single-page.php, footer.php, etc.). Later, themes were implemented entirely on Gutenberg blocks, the so-called FSE – Full Site Editing. Therefore, such themes work on ordinary HTML templates, in which the main WordPress functions are not connected, such as wp_head and wp_footer, which are required for the shortcodes. For example, the standard theme Twenty Twenty-One still works on old php templates, while the more recent Twenty Twenty-Two and Twenty Twenty-Three are based on the FSE principle. So is the Raft theme I used on my project. I still don’t know how to make shortcodes work on FSE themes, but I was able to rebuild the entire website on the Twenty Twenty-One theme using Elementor. So, after spending a few days, I got working shortcodes and a website that looks the same as before.
I think this topic can be closed.

UPD: Probably i misspell Twenty Twenty-Two theme when was creating topic. Because, as I said, shortcodes ARE working on Twenty Twenty-One theme, but later on – don’t.

Yes, I know. But it isn’t working.
Maybe shortcode feature needs some special permissions on server or php modules?
We’re using DigitalOcean droplet for website hosting.

function test_shortcodes()
{
return ‘Shortcodes are working!’;
}
add_shortcode(‘test_shortcodes’, ‘test_shortcodes’);