I think that was my misunderstanding. I assumed that it was looking in the root because of the recommended rewrite rules, but that wasn’t the case.
Success! Thanks for the help!
It’s at http://domainname.com/blog. I removed the rewrite rules from the root level htaccess since it was causing the error page problem, so you can’t actually see the behavior on the site right now. I’d prefer not to share the client’s site info here, but if I need to, let me know.