Open Graph Still Not Working After Multiple Attempts

When I go to post a link to an article it will not fetch an image nor a description. I have done test post then tried to share the link and nothing shows up. I tried quite a few open graph plugins none of them worked even after selecting a particular image to be used with links or programming them with all my social links/ids etc. I am now using Yoast and Jetpack but it still does not make a difference I cant get anything to show up on any social media site. I need to know how to go about getting this fully working so that when I copy a link somewhere it will show a preview of the article and a thumbnail. My guess is that somewhere in the functions.php I need to code it or maybe somewhere else. However, I have used plugins that are suppose to program open graph for you with a click of a button yet to no avail nothing has worked so far. I need to get this working as I know a description and thumb is far more attractive then just a link. I mean even if I go to share a post by using one of my social media share icons same thing nothing shows up just a link in the posting. I am sure its something rather simple I just need someone to help me get it working step by step work out the kinks a little so that they are fully working.