Limiting the category output

How do I limit the output of categories displayed? I only want to show a few categories that is associated with the current post, on the home page and archive pages only.

I was able to do this for the homepage with the code below but it didn’t work for the archive:

// Limit output of categories on home page
add_filter( 'get_the_categories', function ( $categories )
{
    global $post;
    // Use $post->ID to target specific posts according to id for your other codition. You will need to implement this yourself

    // If this is not the home page or achive page, return $categories as is
    if ( !is_home() || !is_archive() )
        return $categories;

    // Return an empty array if we do not have any tags to avoid bugs and unnecessary work
    if ( !$categories )
        return $categories;

    // Loop through the tags and count them and break the loop if we reach limit
    $count = 1; // Start our counter
    foreach ( $categories as $category ) {
        if ( $count <= 2 ) { // Set your custom limit here
            $new_category_array[] = $category;
        } else {
            break; // end the foreach loop immediately after the limit is reach, in example, 2
        }
        $count++; // Update the counter
    } // endforeach

    return $categories = $new_category_array;
});

What am I doing wrong?