Critical error – but not able to access “recovery mode”

Errors like this are logged. Check the error log on your server. If you can’t find the log, please contact your host.

Meantime, enable wp_debug and wp_debug_log and after an error, look at wp-content/debug.log to see if anything gets logged there. https://wordpress.org/support/article/debugging-in-wordpress/

You can also try this: Please attempt to disable all plugins, and use one of the default (Twenty*) themes. If the problem goes away, enable them one by one to identify the source of your troubles.

If you cannot access wp-admin, there are other ways to deactivate plugins:  https://wordpress.org/support/article/faq-troubleshooting/#how-to-deactivate-all-plugins-when-not-able-to-access-the-administrative-menus