Re-upload a fresh, unpacked, copy of the theme’s folder to wp-content/themes using FTP or whatever file management application your host provides.
http://wordpress.org/themes/twentytwelve
That solved it! Wow. No more white screen. Thank you!
Oh but I lost a ton of updates… Is there a way to get those back?
Nevermind. I uninstalled and re-downloaded the child theme plug in and my changes are there. Phew. Thank you for your help!
Sorry? What updates? You should now have the latest version of the 2012 theme.