Problem with Images, Links and Permalinks

I am having an issue with uploading images to our WordPress site. We built the site on a test server and then moved it (with difficulty) to our local server.

Since the move, when I try to change the Permalinks to a different format all the links to posts etc. break.

The other problem Have is that when I add an image to the media library it will not show on the website, or the link will not work (I get an error) until the image is edited in WordPress such as rotating the image and saving. Following this there are no issues however the links to the images all end up with a number of random letters added to the URL, such as this one….

http://…………-house-1-e1490882395384.jpg

Has anybody run into any of these issues? I would like to edit the links of the images so they are cleaner, I also don’t want to have to edit every image every time I upload.

Thanks All