Pretty permalinks not working (it does for other sites on same server)

I have a site on my VPS-server (WMH/cPanel) where the pretty permalinks aren’t working.
On other sites on the same server, it works as it should.

This is my .htacces file: http://pastie.org/6164315
And this is how the permalinks are setup: https://www.evernote.com/shard/s217/sh/e67df326-7644-4634-9e77-411350595615/53087a0adf8a6dbcc76443b71ea8e152

I already tried disabling all plugins and switching to twenty twelve.

On my local server (MAMP) this is working properly