“ajax post grid”, “ajax post list”…
“ajax” and “post” being the most important keywords.
But not sure if you’ll find one that does what you need. You might have to hire someone to build it.
codismo is NOT offering, or at least had better not be. And you should not be asking either. Per forum guidelines, these forums are not for soliciting or accepting paid help. Please try http://jobs.wordpress.net/ or https://jetpack.pro/ for that and do not accept any hire offers posted to these forums.
The effect you are after is all managed by JavaScript or jQuery plus CSS. Imagine your page is organized much like a photoshop image with many different layers all on top of each other. Each layer is a different post’s revealed content. By default, all of these layers have their CSS display property set to none. On a click event for a specific post, the associated layer’s CSS display property is set to block so it becomes visible.
Should another click on another post occur, the post being shown has its CSS restored to none and the new item’s content is set to block. You can animate this change from display: none to display: block so that the content fades in and out instead of just suddenly appearing. Not only is this a nice effect, but it helps the user stay oriented by being able to briefly see where the content came from instead of appearing out of nowhere.
For example, instead of a simple fade in, perhaps the content “balloons” or “flies” out from its origin. While so called “flyouts” are slightly different than what you are proposing, the underlying techniques are the same, so looking for menu flyout effect examples might help you anyway.