I Am Confused On Making Static Homepage. I Need Help!

I am working on my WordPress theme NEWS and I want that my homepage is STATIC and that my blog posts status can be seen in the Homepage too but just a small part of the first few sentences. I did the steps on how to make it static but I can’t get to see my blog posts status in my homepage. It always landed to the upper side bar with the page link BLOG.

I need your help to give me the correct way to do this. Thanks a lot!