Most, if not all, WP themes hosted here at WP.org come implemented with WP standard body class and post class.
http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/body_class
http://codex.wordpress.org/Function_Reference/post_class
We can make use of those generated classes to target any elements in many different pages.
You could also make use of the WordPress Template Hierarchy to make a different template for each term.
If you have only a few terms and you want the style and layout of the pages to be very different from each other this may be a good way to go. However, if you have a lot of terms and you just want to change colors, the technique above using body classes is more efficient.