The display of the featured image and post title are contained in the file content.php. This file is pulled into both index.php – which controls the blog index – and single.php – which controls single posts.
Lines 9-17 define the display of the featured image:
<?php if ( '' != get_the_post_thumbnail() ) : ?>
<?php if ( ! is_single() ) : ?>
<a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" title="<?php echo esc_attr( sprintf( __( 'Permalink to %s', 'ryu' ), the_title_attribute( 'echo=0' ) ) ); ?>" rel="<?php the_ID(); ?>" class="ryu-featured-thumbnail">
<?php the_post_thumbnail( 'ryu-featured-thumbnail' ); ?>
</a>
<?php else : ?>
<?php the_post_thumbnail( 'ryu-featured-thumbnail' ); ?>
<?php endif; ?>
<?php endif; ?>
Lines 19-31 control the display of the entry header section, which includes the post title:
<header class="entry-header">
<?php
$categories_list = get_the_category_list( __( ', ', 'ryu' ) );
if ( $categories_list && ryu_categorized_blog() )
echo '<span class="categories-links">' . $categories_list . '</span>';
if ( ! is_single() ) :
the_title( '<h1 class="entry-title"><a href="' . esc_url( get_permalink() ) . '" rel="bookmark">', '</a></h1>' );
else :
the_title( '<h1 class="entry-title">', '</h1>' );
endif;
?>
</header><!-- .entry-header -->
This should point you in the right direction. Now you can make a copy of content.php in your child theme and rearrange the elements to get the display looking how you want.