category leads to page with all posts in that category

First you’d need WordPress to display all posts on a category query. If you’re not setup for that, see this plugin:

http://mattread.com/archives/2005/03/custom-query-string-plugin/

Next, create a category.php for your theme–easiest way to do this is to make a copy of index.php. Then edit The Loop in your category.php to display only title and date. A simple one line for this would be :

<a href="<?php the_permalink(); ?>" rel="bookmark"><?php the_title(); ?></a> - <?php the_time('F jS, Y'); ?><br />

More info on category templates:

http://codex.wordpress.org/Category_Templates