I have very the same problem with permalinks on even clean wp284, wp282 as well. I found the same problem on one of my online blogs - I regenerated permalinks there and everything runs well. But on my company's localhost and intranet website permalinks are dead.
The above solution (and the one described by jmaquitania) did not help.
The problem is with posts, pages, categories and archives permalinks.
When permalinks are turned off everything works well.
Here is my info:
mod_rewrite is present, .htaccess looks like this:
# BEGIN WordPress
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /wikiarr_prd/
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule . /wikiarr_prd/index.php [L]
</IfModule>
# END WordPress
Permalinks structure:
/%postname%_%post_id%.html
categories prefix: kategorie
tags prefix: klucze
The server is Apache/2.2.8 (Win32) PHP/5.2.5
Loaded modules:
core mod_win32 mpm_winnt http_core mod_so mod_actions mod_alias mod_asis mod_auth_basic mod_authn_default mod_authn_file mod_authz_default mod_authz_groupfile mod_authz_host mod_authz_user mod_autoindex mod_cgi mod_dir mod_env mod_include mod_isapi mod_log_config mod_mime mod_negotiation mod_rewrite mod_setenvif mod_php5
website URI looks like this (if it does matter):
http://localhost:81/wikiarr_prd/
Any help would be very appreciated.