I have seen this problem before, and though I can't tell you all of the technical reasons behind the scenes, I think I do have a fix. The basics are that the internal data for the jpeg file are written in a way that is unreadable by Internet Explorer, and I guess Chrome too. I heard once that it has to do with the segmentation length. The fix is to resave the file in a graphics program such as Photoshop.
Here is what I did:
1. I saved your jpg file locally, and tested it in IE. It still doesn't open.
2. I opened it in Photoshop and used the "Save for Web" settings and resaved it.
3. It opened fine in IE after that. It also opens in Chrome.
I see that you have posted a gif version of the file, so you may not even need this fix, but if you do, here it is.
As a side note, in the case of your picture there was a problem with the color profile in Photoshop and the colors changed drastically. I fixed this by doing a screen capture of the original file and making tweaks in Photoshop. Anyway, here is a link to a version of the file that I fixed that should work in all browsers:
http://jonmeek.com/test/logo_martinafugazzotto-small_fix.jpg
Jon