Different logo based on language

Yes, use Mlp_Helpers::get_blog_language();.

Example:

$logo     = get_template_directory() . "/img/default-logo.png";
$language = Mlp_Helpers::get_blog_language();

if ( ! empty ( $language ) )
{
    $path = get_template_directory() . "/img/$language.png";

    if ( file_exists( $path )
        $logo = $path;
}

echo "<img src='$logo' alt='Logo'>";