So while there are clearly documented ways to check if the user is currently viewing a subpage, I needed a way to check if the user is currently viewing a category page where the category they were viewing is a subcategory (any subcategory, don't care which one).
After struggling around with the idea for a while (and finding NOTHING online), I came up with the following code that seems to work. I'm curious, however, if anyone has any suggestions for a better way to do it.
function is_subcategory(){
global $wpdb;
$root_cats = $wpdb->get_results("SELECT term_id FROM $wpdb->term_taxonomy WHERE taxonomy = 'category' AND parent = 0");
$cat_list = array();
foreach( $root_cats as $cat ){
array_push( $cat_list, $cat->term_id);
}
$is_root = is_category( $cat_list );
if( $is_root ) return false; else return true;
}