So you're just letting the regular query run on that page? No custom query or query_posts? Just the standard loop?
Assuming that's true for the moment, you'll have a line like this..
while( have_posts() ) : the_post();
Update that to..
$i = 0;
while( have_posts() ) : the_post(); $i++;
Then look for the appropriate element you want to change the styling on..
For example, let's assume it looks like this for the moment..
<div class="<?php post_class() ?>">
or
<div class="post">
All you need to do is factor in the counter..
<div class="mainclass back-<?php echo $i; ?>">
Which would then produce two classes for each element..
.mainclass {
/*
do all CSS except the background image here
so, stuff like padding, border, width, etc.. (this will apply to all of the posts)
*/
}
and
.back-1 {
/* the first element background properties */
}
.back-2 {
/* the second element background properties */
}
.back-3 {
/* the third element background properties */
}
.back-4 {
/* the forth element background properties */
}
If you'd like a more tailored example, post your template code into a pastebin and post the link back, i'll help you implement the code.