Will a wordpress website backup without mysql database work?

I have a feeling I got some bad advice.
I pulled down an old website to redesign it at a later date.

Was told I only needed the html files:
cgi bin
wp-admin
wp-includes
wp-content
the root folder files

I went to restore it today. New host, new wordpress install and then when I uploaded these file it didnt work. I just get 500 internal server error.

Then someone mentioned I need a mysql database for the site to work.
Id not heard of that until now and have no idea where Id find it.

All I really need is a screenshot of the old website.
But Id LOVE it to be restored and working, but is this possible with the files I have?

Thanks!